Feb 2008
GPLv3 - Liberation or limitation?

There is good reason for all of the debate and bluster around GPLv3. Prior to the free software movement and open source, software licenses were basically the terms for buying and using software. However, GPL – and in particular GPLv3 – have had a range of effects on how open source software is developed, distributed and monetized. Code forking, compatibility, DRM limitations, patent rights and requisite availability of source code all come into play, presenting both risks and opportunities for different players.

Embedded OS developers and vendors, for example, could gain from GPLv3's Apache compatibility for greater flexibility and integration. However, the same vendors face the GPLv3's so-called 'tivoization' clause, which requires availability of source code without hardware locks. Another example would be SaaS players, some of which see GPLv3 and the related AGPLv3 as a way to gain compatibility and cachet with open source developers. Other vendors are content to stick with GPLv2 licensing, which does not require the same DRM limitations and granting of patent rights as GPLv3. Whether considering version 2 or 3, GPL is unique as a software license because of its significant and continuing impact across the IT industry.

In this report, The 451 Group analyzes the business and development opportunities and pitfalls that the GPLv3 presents, as well as which classes of companies are embracing it and which are, wisely, avoiding it.

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